1. AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system and.... (Reading)

【考點(diǎn)】 break down可作及物動(dòng)詞,作“破壞;使失效”解。也可作不及物動(dòng)詞,常表示“(計(jì)劃,談判等) 受挫折、失敗”或“感情失去控制”或“(機(jī)器)停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”。

【考例】 News reports say peace talks between the two countries______ with no agreement reached.(NMET 2003)

A. have broken down

B. have broken out

C. have broken in

D. have broken up

【解析】由with no agreement reached (沒(méi)達(dá)成任何協(xié)議)這一提示可知,全句要表達(dá)“和談失敗”之意。而break up“驅(qū)散,分開”;break in “插嘴”;break out“爆發(fā)”,都不符合句意,可排除。break down意為“(談判等)失敗”,符合句意,故選A。

2. She spends much of her time telling others about her disease and encouraging people to learn how to protect themselves. (Reading)

【考點(diǎn)】 及物動(dòng)詞encourage的意思是“鼓勵(lì)”,表示“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”用encourage sb. to do sth.。

【考例】 My advisor encouraged ______ a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京2004)

A. for me taking B. me taking

C. for me to take D. me to take

【解析】 根據(jù)短語(yǔ)encourage sb. to do sth.可知應(yīng)選D。

3. I had been feeling sick for a long time and my mum had taken me to hospital to have me examined. (Integrating skills)

【考點(diǎn)】 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成是“had+ been+ doing”,表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)間開始到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間為止,該動(dòng)作一直在持續(xù)進(jìn)行著,它具有過(guò)去完成時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)二者的特征。

【考例】 The crazy fans ______ patiently for two hours’ and they would wait till the movie star arrived.(重慶2004)

A. were waiting

B. had been waiting

C. had waited

D. would wait

【解析】從and后的分句可知電影明星還沒(méi)有到,所以當(dāng)時(shí)還在“等”,體現(xiàn)了進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);從第一分句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for two hours可知是過(guò)去完成時(shí),由此可知用過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí),故選B。